Vaginal health plays a critical role in a woman’s overall well-being. Still, it’s often overlooked in everyday conversations. One of the most common — and frequently misunderstood — conditions is bacterial vaginosis (BV), which affects the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina.
Although BV is not a sexually transmitted infection, it can lead to discomfort and other complications if left untreated. Maintaining balance through lifestyle habits, hygiene, and nutritional support, like taking PMS vitamins like FLO, can support hormonal and microbiome stability.
Ultimately, understanding BV starts with knowing what it is, what causes it, and how to recognize the symptoms. Read on to learn exactly that.
Bacterial Vaginosis Explained
Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs when there’s an imbalance in the vaginal microbiome. In a healthy vagina, “good” bacteria, particularly Lactobacillus, help maintain a slightly acidic environment to ward off infections.
BV develops when other types of bacteria, such as Gardnerella vaginalis, outnumber these good bacteria. This shift in the bacterial landscape can lead to uncomfortable symptoms and an increased risk of complications.
Unlike yeast infections, which are caused by an overgrowth of fungus, BV is strictly bacterial. It’s also different from urinary tract infections, though the symptoms can sometimes be confused. When you understand the nature of BV, you set a strong foundation for identifying causes, treatment, and prevention strategies.
What Are the Common Causes and Risk Factors?
Several factors can increase the risk of developing bacterial vaginosis. One of the most common is douching, which disrupts the natural balance of bacteria. Changes in sexual activity, can also affect vaginal flora, including a new partner or multiple partners.
Additionally, certain hygiene products, tight-fitting synthetic underwear, and even antibiotic use can alter your microbiome. Hormonal fluctuations tied to menstruation or hormonal contraceptives may further contribute to imbalance.
While BV can affect any woman, those with certain lifestyle or behavioral risk factors may be more prone to recurring episodes. Knowing what triggers this condition is key to effective treatment and long-term prevention.
How To Recognize the Symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis can sometimes be asymptomatic, but when symptoms are present, they’re usually distinct. The most common sign is a thin, gray or white vaginal discharge with a noticeable fishy odor, especially after sex.
Some women may also experience itching, burning during urination, or general discomfort. Unlike yeast infections, BV typically does not cause thick, white discharge or significant irritation. Since these symptoms can overlap with other vaginal infections, it’s important to avoid self-diagnosis.
Accurate identification requires a medical evaluation, which may involve a pelvic exam and lab tests to confirm the bacterial imbalance. Recognizing the symptoms early can help you avoid complications like pelvic inflammatory disease, increased susceptibility to STIs, and pregnancy-related risks.
How Is Bacterial Vaginosis Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis typically begins with a clinical exam and discussion of your symptoms. A healthcare provider may perform a pelvic exam to observe the discharge and assess vaginal pH levels.
Additionally. a sample of vaginal fluid might be taken and examined under a microscope to check for signs of bacterial imbalance, including the presence of “clue cells,” which are vaginal cells coated with bacteria. \
A lab test may also be used to rule out other infections, such as yeast or trichomoniasis. Timely diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and preventing symptom recurrence. After all, BV can mimic other conditions, so professional evaluation ensures the correct issue is addressed.
What Are Your Treatment and Prevention Options?
Bacterial vaginosis is typically treated with oral or topical antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider. Metronidazole and clindamycin are common medications used to restore bacterial balance. Even if your symptoms improve early on, always complete the full course of treatment.
For some, BV may return after treatment, which makes prevention strategies crucial. These include avoiding douching, using mild, unscented soaps, and wearing breathable cotton underwear. Maintaining a consistent routine of vaginal hygiene and avoiding irritants can also reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
Some studies suggest that probiotics, especially those containing Lactobacillus, may support a healthier vaginal environment, although more research is needed. Managing your risk factors and following medical guidance are the most effective ways to keep BV at bay.
Balance Is Key to Vaginal Health
Bacterial vaginosis is a common condition caused by an imbalance in the vaginal microbiome, but with knowledge, it can be effectively managed and often prevented. Recognizing the symptoms, seeking a timely medical diagnosis, and following through with treatment are necessary steps.
Adopting healthy hygiene habits, avoiding known triggers, and supporting your body’s natural bacterial balance can also help reduce the risk of recurrence. While BV can be disruptive, it’s both treatable and preventable. Staying informed and proactive empowers women to take control of their vaginal health and maintain balance in a way that sustains their wellness.
